The top 10 leading causes of the most disabling U.S. work-related injuries in 2010 are those causing an employee to miss six or more days from work. This is according to the Liberty Mutual Research Institute for Safety 2012 Workplace Safety Index.

These injuries amounted to $51.1 billion in direct US workers compensation costs. Overexertion tops the list just like in previous years. Excessive lifting, pulling, pushing, carrying, holding, and throwing are among the most common activities associated with this.

The Index (2010) provides direct cost information for these injuries in billions:

•Overexertion - $13.61
•Fall on same level - $8.61
•Bodily reaction (injuries from bending, climbing, reaching, standing, sitting, slipping or tripping without falling) - $5.78
•Fall to lower level - $5.12
•Struck by object - $4.10
•Struck against object - $2.11
•Repetitive motion - $2.02
•Highway incident - $1.99
•Caught in/compressed by - $1.79
•Assaults/violent act - $0.64

Source here.